Nephrotic Syndrome




Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a condition that is often caused by any group of diseases that damage the kidneys' filtering system, the glomeruli.

It is a kidney disorder that causes your body to excrete too much protein in the urine. It is more than 3.5gms/day.

Causes

Nephrotic syndrome is usually caused by damage to the clusters of small blood vessels in your kidneys that filter waste and excess water from your blood.
  • Diabetes and hypertension (high blood pressure)
  • Amyloidosis (stiffening and subsequent malfunction of the kidney due to fibrous protein deposit in the tissue)
  • Congenital nephrosis
  • Focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS) (creates scar tissue in the glomerulus, damaging its protein-repellant membrane)
  • Glomerulonephritis (GN)
    • Diffuse mesangial proliferative GN (affecting the messangium)
    • Membranous (damages the protein-repellant membrane)
    • Postinfectious (occurs after an infection)
  • IgA nephropathy (Berger's disease) (deposit of specific immunoglobulin A causing an inflammatory reaction and leading to glomerulonephritis)
  • Minimal change disease (Nil's disease) -
  • Membranous nephropathy. This kidney disorder is the result of thickening membranes within the glomeruli.
  •  Multiple Myeloma (Cancer)
  • ·Syphilis & Vasculitis

Symptoms
  • Foamy urine- which is due to proteinuria (proteins in urine more than 3.5g/day)-
  • Hypoalbuminemia (low level of albumin in the blood)
  • Hypercholesterolemia (high level of cholesterol in the blood)
  • Swelling (edema), particularly around eyes and in ankles and feet, Generalized edema throughout the body known as anasarca which also causes weight gain.
  • Fluid starts collecting in the body which results in
  • Hyperlipidemia,- Increase in Lipid levels.
  • Hyponatremia also occurs with a low fractional sodium excretion.

Investigations
  • Urine test
Ø  Urinalysis
Ø  Urinary for 24-hour protein measurement.
  • Blood Test
Ø  Serum albumin
Ø  HIV test
Ø  Syphilis serology
Ø  ANA Profile
  • Renal ultrasonography
  • Renal biopsy

Risk Factors
  • Medical conditions that can damage your kidneys
Diabetes, lupus, amyloidosis, minimal change disease and other kidney diseases.
  • Certain medications
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and drugs used to fight infections.
  • Certain infections
HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and malaria.

Complications

  • Nephrotic syndrome is associated with renal failure. Renal failure can either be gradual (CRF) or acute (ARF).
  • Blood clots
  • A hypercoagulable state in which the blood abnormally overcloys. Loss of blood proteins that help prevent clotting increases your risk of developing a blood clot (thrombus) in veins. Renal vein thrombosis
  • High blood cholesterol and elevated blood triglycerides - Atherosclerosis and related heart diseases.
  • Poor nutrition. anemia and low levels of vitamin D and calcium.
  • High blood pressure
  • Infections, including pneumococcal pneumonia

Treatment


Goal of Treatment
  • relieve symptoms
  • prevent complications
Treatment should be dictated by the type of renal pathology causing nephrotic syndrome.
  • Keep blood pressure at or below 130/80 mm of Hg to delay kidney damage.
  • Treat high cholesterol to reduce the risk of heart and blood vessel problems.
  • Water pills (diuretics) may help with the swelling.
  • You may need vitamin D supplements if nephrotic syndrome is long-term and not responding to treatment.
  • Blood thinners may be needed to treat or prevent blood clots.

Allopathic treatment includes the administration of corticosteroids in a heavy dosage number of side effects in the body.

According to Ayurveda, there are three Doshas in the body – Vata, Pitta, Kapha. The disease is caused by the vitiation of these doshas. Nephrotic Syndrome is caused due to the vitiation of Pitta dosha. Treatment includes medication for normalizing Pitta dosha.

Herbs helping in Nephrotic Syndrome

Giloy
Haldi
Nagarmutha
Chirayata
Devdaru
Shunthi
Gokshura
Punarva
Chitrak
Kutki
Piplamool

Diet

◆ Take the correct amount of protein

◆ Avoid saturated fats and trans fats
Fried foods, ice cream, fatty meats, poultry with skin, etc, all contributes to this kind of food.

◆Increase unsaturated fat
olive oil, canola oil, peanut butter, avocadoes, fish and nuts. Eat low-fat desserts.

◆ Limit the intake of sodium
2-3g one daily
high sodium can raise patients’ blood pressure and aggravate their swelling.
Avoid salty foods including canned foods, cheese, hamburger, condiments, processed meat, etc.

◆ Consume more foods which are high in vitamin and soluble fiber
Fruits and vegetables
Fruits, such as apples, citrus fruits and strawberries, and vegetables, like carrots and celery can help the body to rid itself of cholesterol and protect kidney function.

◆Monitor fluid intake, which includes all fluids and foods that are liquid at room temperature.

For more info watch video 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AUMOKJrad1I

Location: Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Chronic Renal Failure

Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) or Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is continuous degradation in the normal functioning of the kidney with the passage of time. A patient of chronic kidney disease might have only few symptoms sometimes like reduced hunger, weakness or feeling tired all the time. There are many reasons for kidney problems.   Major diagnosed diseases that lead to Chronic Renal Disease is High Blood Pressure, Diabetes or it may be hereditary.  If Serum Creatinine is more in your blood then there is a possibility of having Chronic Renal Disease. Now, there are various other investigations that will tell you about Renal Failure i.e. Serum Urea, or Urine Examination. In Urine The examination you may find high levels of Protein or albumin which are indicated as ++++. The more positive marks imply more the kidney is being damaged. Your doctor may also suggest you for an Ultrasound Imaging & an invasive test named as Biopsy which means taking a tissue sample from the kidne
Read more

Stages of Kidney Failure

With chronic kidney disease , the kidneys don’t usually fail all at once. Instead, kidney disease often progresses slowly over a period of years.  The National Kidney Foundation (NKF) created a guideline to help doctors identify each level of kidney disease. The NKF divided kidney disease into five stages .  Where you are placed into CKD stage 3 or higher, it usually depends on an estimate of kidney function. Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the best measure of kidney function . A math formula using the person’s age, race, gender, and serum creatinine is used to calculate a GFR. A doctor will order a blood test to measure the serum creatinine level. As kidney function slows, blood levels of creatinine rise. Even with a normal GFR, you may be at increased risk for developing CKD if you have diabetes, high blood pressure, or a family history of kidney disease . The risk increases with age: People over 65 a
Read more

Kidney Transplant

When a person is diagnosed with kidney disease, 2 things that worry him are dialysis and transplant. Urea and creatinine levels increase in blood. When creatinine increases beyond a certain level doctors advise to go for Dialysis. Also, Transplant is recommended. We would like to share some information about the Transplant. Please watch the video to know more. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h6FMh5q5G70 Ayurvedic treatment for kidney failure offers some medication that helps to control urea and creatinine levels in the blood, so slowly frequency of dialysis reduces and ultimately stopped. You can Stop Dialysis and even Avoid Transplant  with Ayurvedic medicine. 
Read more